Class Consciousness in the Novels “Cell 18” by Ali Ashraf darvishian And “Beirut Mills” by Tawfiq Youssef Awad

Abstract

The research deals with the Issue of Class consciousness, Class consciousness is a term used in literary sociology criticism and is one of the categories related to structuralism that Lucien Goldman has paid special attention to. He considers three types of consciousness: real consciousness, possible consciousness, and false consciousness. The novel Cell 18 by Ali Ashraf darvishian and the novel " Beirut Mills " by Lebanese writer Tawfiq Youssef Awad are political and social novels dominated by the realist approach, and they express political issues and social problems of Iranian and Lebanese societies and the process of forming class consciousness.

The aim of this research, based on the foundations of Lucien Goldman's theory and the frameworks of comparative literature of the American school, attempts to examine the reflection of class consciousness in these two novels. The results of the research show that class consciousness in Iranian and Lebanese societies.

Finally, Despite the obstacles that false awareness and internal and external factors have created in the path of its realization, it has reached its peak at a stage in the history of both countries and has borne fruit in the form of the revolution of the Iranian people against the authoritarian government, as well as peaceful ethnic and religious coexistence in Lebanon