The Role of Digital Media in Shaping National Identity: A qualitative study on opportunities and challenges in the era of globalization

Abstract

This research aims to explore the dual role of digital media, specifically social media platforms, in shaping national identity, while highlighting the potential and challenges they face. The qualitative approach was adopted using in-depth interviews as the main tool for data collection. Interviews were conducted with thirty journalists and social media activists, with the aim of identifying their answers to the main research question: "How do digital media platforms affect the construction of national identity in a globalized context?", from which sub-questions emerged that explore the role of algorithmic bias in shaping narratives related to national identity, and the extent to which digital platforms can be used to enhance national identity or contribute to its fragmentation. The results showed that the majority of participants believe that algorithmic bias plays a major role in organizing digital content, with priority given to provocative or polarizing content. The smaller percentage of participants emphasized the positive potential of these platforms in enhancing national identity by celebrating cultural narratives and enabling participation and a sense of belonging among the public.