Terminology of "People of the Book", "Jews", "Christians" and their Conversations with the Holy Prophet (PBUH) based on Qur’anic verses

Abstract

People of the Book" in the Qur'anic term refers to the followers of past religions who have holy books (Torah and The Old and New Testaments), Jews and Christians (Naṣārī) are clear examples of people of the Book. In several verses of the holy Qur'an, either "Jews" or "Christians" have been mentioned as the People of the Book and according to some verses, their debates and conversations with the Holy Prophet (PBUH) have also been mentioned. Even though they were promised the Nubuwwah of the Prophet of Islam a long time ago, the Jews had inappropriate morals and behaviors towards the Prophet of Islam in the face of the progress and expansion of the Islamic religion. And after the Jews, although the Christians were more inclined to the Islamic religion, so that the Holy Qur'an introduces them as the most loving people towards the believers, but in the meantime, they also had disagreements and raised many arguments and conversations with the Holy Prophet (PBUH). We will examine the discussion of "The demand for the revelation of the Holy Book" and the discussion of "The divinity of Jesus Christ" from the discussions of Christians with the Prophet (PBUH) along with the answers of the Qur'an.