The Reproachful Style in the Poetry of Sayyid Haidar al-Hilli al-Husayni

Abstract

     One of the most significant rhetorical tools in Arabic poetry is the style of reproach, especially in contexts of elegy and tragedy, where it is used to express feelings of sorrow, guilt, and regret. In this sense, the poetry of Al-Hilli adds a deeply emotional dimension to reproach, capturing the tragedy of Karbala in a way that evokes powerful sentiment. Among the most renowned 19th-century poets to address the Karbala event is Sayyid Haidar al-Hilli, whose poetry is marked by a unique blend of lamentation and rebuke, creating a poignant and mournful tone. This study analyzes the reproachful style in his Husayniyat poetry by examining the rhetorical and stylistic techniques he employs to emphasize injustice and stir deep emotional responses in the reader. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, the study investigates how metaphor, repetition, poetic rhythm, and imagery are effectively used to convey blame and grief. The findings show that Al-Hilli’s use of reproach was not merely expressive but served as a powerful artistic and emotional device that intensified the impact of his elegies, making his work a distinctive model in modern Arabic literature.