Geographical Factors Impact of Malaria Spread: A Case Study of the Administrative Unit of Al Hasahiesa, Gezira State, Sudan (2008 – 2018)

Abstract

The study aimed to detect the factors affecting the spread of malaria, the theoretical contribution to the development of some solutions and proposals that contribute to combating disease or reducing infection rates. This study used the historical, descriptive and analytical method, the questionnaire was used tool  for data collection , a random sample society of the study size (369) were distributed to families. The data were analysed with statistical packages of social sciences (SPSS). The study found  that: malaria is a disease of the hot and semi-hot regions, so malaria is increasing in the study area, the study area represents the appropriate climate for the spread of the disease as well as its annexation to the largest agricultural projects (The Gzira project and Alanagil extension), that the ponds and marshes in the study area helped to spread malaria through the system of permanent irrigation in the island project and the extension of transport, the banks and streams of rain caused by the causes of mosquito breeding and outbreaks of disease, , the lack of preventive means such as mosquito nets and soft windows, which led to the increase of the disease, the lack of special spraying campaigns to control mosquitoes in the study area, the study recommends that: Environmental attention aims at a healthy and pure life of diseases by educating citizens and educating them, organizing irrigation operations in irrigated projects and reducing water loss, eliminating mosquitoes in the initial phases of phases, filling ponds, marshes and areas, the use of mosquito nets during sleep, attention to the role of health institutions and the provision of necessary treatment