Administrative Systems between the Assyrian and Pharaonic Civilizations: A Comparative Study

Abstract

  Administrative systems existed in both the Assyrian and Pharaonic civilizations, where there was a pressing need for them. Thus, the administrative systems were known by their highest authority, which was the king or pharaoh, who was divinely ordained, or a representative of the gods, as in the Assyrian civilization. Under the king, there were auxiliary authorities, with powers derived from the king or pharaoh, to help him manage the affairs of the country, such as the council of elders elected from the nobles and the rich. In the Pharaonic civilization, there was the council of ten, which was an advisory council to the pharaoh. There were also local regional authorities whose actions were subject to the central government located in the capital. The researcher relied on the descriptive analytical method to highlight and reveal these administrative systems in the stable stages in both the Assyrian and Pharaonic civilizations: the modern Assyrian civilization in its stable international form and the Pharaonic civilization in its eras of unity and antiquity.