Utopia/ Dystopia Opposition in Elif Shafak's Forty Rules of Love
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31185/lark.Vol1.Iss44.2284Keywords:
Utopia, Dystopia, , Antonym, Diodes, The Novel, Mysticism.Abstract
The study, entitled "Utopia/ Dystopia Opposition in Elif Shafak's Forty Rules of Love," aims at exploring the realistic and spiritual oppositions found at the same place (Konya city) when one becomes a domestic utopia while the other becomes hostile dystopia based upon a set of cultural and conceptual binaries that pervade the novel. These binaries very much resemble the crucial meeting between Rumi and Tabrizi that led to the foundation of Sufism by Rumi.
The main significant factors that Rumi and Tabrizi adopted to establish their utopia were goodness, love, peace, poetry, music, fertile movement, tolerance, women's rights, deconstructing the masculine discourse, and spiritual acculturation, besides other spiritual factors.
On the other hand, the main significant factors of dystopia which structured the foundations of the dystopian city and that Rumi and Tabrizi opposed and stood against are evil, hatred, war, omission of inspirational poetry, silence, stillness, intolerance, oppression, adoption of the exclusionary masculine discourse, ignore the spiritual acculturation and adopt the material one in addition to other negative manifestations.
The contrast between utopia and dystopia occupied a wide range during the course of the novel which is the subject of the study. The difference between the two worlds was clearly visible from the beginning to the end of the novel, especially in its historical course. This matter made us aim at investigating and comparing between them based on the conjugation between the real mystics' foundations and their imaginary principles included in the novel.
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