The religious reform of Martin Luther : dialectic of theology and politics

Abstract

The German monk (Martin Luther 1483-1549) led the religious reform movement after the publication of his 95th protests in 1517 against the Christian papacy in Rome, exposing its exploitation of the religious feelings of people by trading the sacraments of forgiveness. He established his religious reforms by redefining the essence of the Christian faith, In his time. As a result, the Christian world was divided into two religious denominations: Catholics and Protestants. The thesis of this central research is to demonstrate that Luther's reforms, which emerged from an apparent theological debate, are due to political conflicts in fact, and that the religious reform movement would not have spread to prevail in Europe without the political and national factor.