Grammatical Predication and Syntactic Context and Their Role in Clarifying the Semantic Meaning of Words(The Concept of "Thing" in the Holy Qur’an as a Model)

Abstract

This research aims to examine the various meanings associated with the concept of "thing" in the Holy Qur’an. Building on earlier studies, the paper seeks either to supplement previous efforts or to address gaps and shortcomings within them. The study emphasizes that a thorough understanding of this concept requires a methodology that takes context into account, this includes linguistic, situational, rhetorical, and grammatical contexts. It also considers the nature of predication and the syntactic position of the word within a sentence. The analysis is based on both interpretation and exegetical reasoning, which necessitated clarifying the distinction between the two. The study finds that the term appears in both verbal and nominal forms throughout the Qur’anic text. As a noun, it is used in the nominative, accusative, and genitive cases, serving as subject, object, or complement. As a verb, it occurs in both past and present tenses and is conjugated across various grammatical persons: third, second, and first. A significant section of the research is dedicated to the rhetorical context, where verses containing the term are examined through the lens of simile, metaphor, and metonymy. The research concludes with a set of valuable findings that contribute meaningfully to linguistic and exegetical studies.