Military Activities of Imam Ali (PBUH) during the Prophet’s (PBUH) Era in Shami Historians’ Accounts in the 8th century AH

Abstract

This research explores a significant aspect of the history of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them), focusing on the military activities of Imam Ali (PBUH) during the Prophet’s (PBUH) era, as documented by opposing Shami historians in 8th century AH. The study comprises two main sections: the first addressing Imam Ali’s military efforts before migrating to Medina, and the second covering his military endeavors after migration. The research includes an introduction and conclusion summarizing key findings.

In the first section, Shami historians recount Imam Ali’s (AS) stance against Quraysh’s attempts to assassinate the Prophet (PBUH). In the second section, they document Imam Ali’s military activities after migrating to Medina. The Prophet (PBUH) entrusted him entirely, assigning him leadership in expeditions and battles, except for the Battle of Tabuk. His heroic role in the Battle of Badr, the Battle of the trench, the conquest of Khaybar’s fortress, and other engagements showcased his pivotal role in achieving victories for the Muslims. Notably, during the Battle of the Trench, he killed Umar bin Abd Wud, a renowned pre-Islamic figure, leading to a decisive victory. Similarly, in the conquest of Khaybar, Imam Ali (PBUH) breached the fortress gate, killed their leader Marhab the Jew, contributing to a resounding victory. The study highlights his essential role in achieving significant triumphs, with Shami sources still celebrating his heroic deeds.