A Study of the Future Tense in Turkish and its Equivalent in Arabic in the Holy Quran as a Model”

Abstract

The future tense expresses actions intended or expected to occur in the future, identified by specific suffixes in each language. In Arabic, it is formed using سَ، سَوْفَ، and لَنَ, added to the beginning of the present verb. In Turkish, the future tense is constructed with suffixes -ecek and -acak, attached to the verb root. Speakers of these languages understand that the related action will take place in the future, not past nor present.

The Quran, the sacred Islamic scripture and the word of God regulating the lives of Muslims, is believed in Islamic doctrine to have been revealed to the final prophet, Muhammad, by the angel Gabriel. It consists of 114 chapters and has been translated into almost every language. Future tenses are particularly evident in its content. Our study aims to extract the future tense in the Quran in both Arabic and Turkish and elucidate its form. Turkish, being an agglutinative language, forms words by adding suffixes to verb roots or nouns. Arabic primarily utilizes derived forms by transforming verbs or nouns. We begin with this comprehensive abstract, followed by brief summaries of Arabic and Turkish rules related to the future tense. Finally, we provide the relevant Quranic verses and Turkish translation.